[자료] 준동사 개념

준동사(Verbal)의 이해

정형동사(finite verb) 

주어의 인칭과 수, 및 시제에 따라 어형(단어의 형태)이 변하는 동사. 

술어동사로 사용한다

비정형동사(non- finite verb) =준동사( Verbal)

술어동사가 되지 못한다.

Don’t wash the broccoli before storing it since moisture on its surface [encourages/to encourage] the growth of mold.

동사(R)가 (to)R, Ring, Red등의 형태 변화를 하면 동사 외의 품사로 전환된다

준동사의 동사적 특징

1)보어나 목적어를 수반할 수 있다(의미상 목적어, 보어) +α로 나타내기로 한다.

My dream is to become a president.

I want to give my daughter a present.

Improving house supply is vital to both our society and economy.

2)의미상의 주어를 가질 수 있다.

It is impossible for me to be there before 10 a.m.

Would you mind my opening the window?[1] 

3)시제(단순/완료)

준동사의 완료형은 주절의 동사가 나타내는 시간보다 준동사가 나타내는 시간이 이전임을 나타낸다.

He seems to be rich.

He seems to have been rich.

He is not ashamed of having been in jail.

4)태(능동/수동)

Artists during the Renaissance wanted objects in paintings to be represented with accuracy.

She managed to escape the fire without being injured.

5)부사의 수식을 받는다.

To truly appreciate this novel, you need to understand the background.[2]

Reading a lot is really bad for your eyes.

After desperately looking for help, I met the right person.

6)부정(否定)

준동사 바로 앞에 not, never를 쓴다.

I decided not to move.

Not knowing what to do, the girl handed the coin to the attendant and asked nervously, “Want to buy a fresh red rose?"

A sleeping mother has the ability to identify the particular cry of her own baby. This is one of the bonding factors that has been forgotten because of the way in which we live today.

A currently popular attitude is to blame technology or technologists for having brought on the environmental problems we face today, and thus to try to slow technological advance by blocking economic growth.

It usually took five weeks for Benjamin Franklin in Paris to receive a letter sent from Philadelphia. But the news was still new and surprising to people there. 

However, not all of us who pursue our dreams are so reckless as to do something dangerous just as Icarus flew too 'close' to the sun.[3]

We were very surprised to find that we had left cookie boxes in the camper over the winter.

When the train came to his station, he got up and stood patiently in front of the door, waiting for it to open. 

The first god suggested putting it under the ocean, but the others shouted him down, saying that people would build an underwater boat to take themselves there to find it. 

Furthermore, a general lack of knowledge and insufficient care being taken when fish pens were initially constructed means that pollution from excess feed and fish waste created huge barren underwater deserts.[4]

Night diving is obviously less simple than diving during the day, but when properly organized, it is relatively straightforward. A powerful flashlight will easily light your way and the creatures around you, revealing marine life in its true colors. 

To develop others, we have to first develop ourselves. And to continuously change others, we

can’t help but continuously transform ourselves.[5]

He had no choice but to lean toward his partner and whisper out of the corner of his mouth, “Where are we?” 

People are accustomed to using blankets to make themselves warm. So they are surprised to see blankets used to keep ice cold and to prevent it from melting.

It goes without saying that South Korea and the United States are working more closely to achieve the shared goal of denuclearizing North Korea, especially ahead of a second summit between President Donald Trump and Kim Jong-un.[6]

By changing the focus or context of a task, we can get renewed energy even when we feel that we are completely out of energy.[7]

On his beginning to speak, she cut in on the conversation.

If Korean citizens have difficulty subsisting due to a sudden crisis, they can receive temporary support such as living costs.[8]